Thủ Thuật Hướng dẫn Suppose you were an adolescent girl in a study about costs and benefits of employment Quizlet Chi Tiết
Cao Thị Phương Thảo đang tìm kiếm từ khóa Suppose you were an adolescent girl in a study about costs and benefits of employment Quizlet được Update vào lúc : 2022-09-30 06:48:17 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Kinh Nghiệm về trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết Mới Nhất. Nếu sau khi đọc nội dung bài viết vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại phản hồi ở cuối bài để Ad lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.Recommended textbook solutions
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Hunting, fishing, and farming are occupational pursuits most common in ________ cultures.
a. Western
b. traditional
c. industrialized
d. Eastern
b
Ocheling is an adolescent nomadic Bushman of the Kalahari Desert in Africa. If Ocheling wants to get married he will first have to
a. get a tattoo.
b. wait until he is 20 years old.
c. kill an antelope.
d. wait
until his father dies.
c
In traditional farming cultures, who is typically responsible for the livestock and farmland?
a. mothers and daughters
b. fathers and daughters
c. mothers and sons
d. fathers and sons
d
Marilina is a young Brazilian girl living in a traditional culture. As such, she will be expected to have the responsibility of helping to care for her younger siblings beginning around ________ years of age.
a. 12 or 13
b. 6 or 7
c. 17 or 18
d. 10 or 11
b
According to Chapter 11, one benefit of globalization has been
a. making daily life easier in traditional cultures.
b. the increased wealth of industrialized nations.
c. creating a similar set of world beliefs.
d. increasing the
stratification of the sexes across cultures.
a
According to the text, one disadvantage of increased globalization is
a. more competition among nations resulting in higher production.
b. lower wages in Western countries which affects unionized workers.
c. horrific working conditions in countries changing from a preindustrial to a global economy.
d. creating large debts in Eastern countries
particularly after the fall of Communism.
c
What benefit do adolescents and their families in traditional cultures derive from adolescents working?
a. improves basic necessities like food and clothing
b. creates an opportunity for families to travel and see loved ones
c. builds opportunities for younger siblings to work and earn
d. the adolescent may benefit from earnings, but there are no
benefits to the family
a
Balwant's parents are living in severe poverty in New Delhi, India. Balwant's parents have decided that the only way they can survive is to take out a loan and guarantee the money with Balwant's labor. This is known as
a. credentialism.
b. debt bondage.
c. indentured servitude.
d. apprenticeship loan.
b
According to the text, adolescent girls in developing countries may become prostitutes in several ways, including all but which one of the following?
a. kidnapped and taken to another country.
b. being coerced into sexual slavery by their church.
c. sold into prostitution by parents.
d. promised jobs in domestic service.
b
According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), the number of child and adolescent laborers _________ during the first decade of the 21st century.
a. rose steadily
b. rose sharply
c. fell substantially
d. fell slightly
c
Imagine you bought an Indian rug with a RUGMARK label. This means that the rug
a. was made without the use of child workers.
b. is an antique.
c. was made by hand.
d. is authentic and was made in India.
a
Before industrialization began as early as the ________ century, America was similar to many current traditional cultures in terms of adolescent work.
a. 17th
b. 19th
c. 20th
d. 21st
a
Suppose you wrote a paper detailing the decline of family farming and the increase of factory work among adolescent laborers in the United States. What conclusion would most likely be a part of your paper?
a. Farm service increased to over 70% in the 18th and 19th centuries.
b. The transition to industrialized labor is known as life cycle service.
c. In the 19th century, the proportion of the farming labor force declined to under 40%.
d. A large proportion of adolescent workers were unemployed in the 19th century.
c
According to the text, what was the first country in which industrialization took place and the first to use child and adolescent labor in industrial settings?
a. United States
b. Turkey
c. South Africa
d. Great Britain
d
One implication that follows from American schools placing low demands on their students is that adolescents
a. have higher achievement scores.
b. often choose vocational careers by
their mid-teens.
c. will eventually have lower paying jobs.
d. are able to hold part-time jobs.
d
Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between American schools and adolescent work?
a. Apprenticeships are the cornerstone to the adolescent work/school experience.
b. Work experiences are directly related to school curriculum.
c. Widespread mentoring programs in American
schools create a smooth transition to adolescent work.
d. Widespread employment among adolescents makes it difficult for schools to require more academic work from them.
d
Gillian is a 14-year-old girl living in Columbus, Ohio. If Gillian is typical of most adolescent girls, Gillian's first job is most likely
a. baby-sitting.
b. lawn mowing.
c. sales clerk.
d. restaurant hostess.
a
According to research, the part-time work done by American adolescents
a. is strongly connected to their career paths.
b. rarely involves close partnerships with adult role models.
c. is usually in apprenticeships that connect to school curriculum.
d. increases a student's grade point average.
b
Carl works for a delivery company. He works most weekdays after school and long shifts on the weekends. During most pay periods, he has banked over 25 hours a week. From this we can conclude that Carl
a. may be more anxious than his classmates.
b. comes from a low-income family.
c. has younger stepbrothers and sisters.
d. gets more sleep than his friends.
a
Samantha is 16 years old and works after school the local gas station. If Samantha is typical of other high students, working more than 10 hours a week will be associated with which of the following?
a. getting less sleep per night
b. eating healthier
c. exercising more
d. performing better academically
a
Some studies have shown positive findings between adolescent work and psychological functioning that includes
a. a more balanced personal fable.
b.
strong adolescent egocentrism.
c. increased self-esteem.
d. better relationships with family members.
c
According to research, what work factor is positively related to psychological well-being and self-esteem? It is a job that involves
a. learning new skills.
b. working 15 hours a week.
c. performing repetitive skills.
d. working major amounts of overtime.
a
According to the text, in contrast to adolescents who don't work, those who work more than 10 hours per week are more likely to
a. have more regular sleep patterns.
b. live in an urban center.
c. come from a single-parent family.
d. use alcohol and smoke cigarettes.
d
Dennis is a young adolescent working 15 hours a week the Burger Barn. Similar to adolescents in a study investigating rates of alcohol use and work patterns, Dennis drinks more than his nonworking counterparts. According to research, what is likely to be Dennis's pattern of alcohol use in his early twenties?
a. Dennis will continue to have higher rates of alcohol use than girls his own age.
b. Dennis will drink less by his early twenties regardless of whether he attends college.
c. Dennis's alcohol use will be similar to emerging adults who worked less in high
school.
d. There is no data to support a conclusion about Dennis's drinking or other social habits.
c
According to the text, in terms of research, "retention rate" refers to
a. the length of time a research participant was able to recall information.
b. the amount of information a participant is able to learn during an intervention study.
c. how long a person holds onto negative feelings while
participating in a study.
d. the percentage of participants who continued in a longitudinal study after the first year.
d
According to research, working more than _________ hours a week is associated with a variety of types of problem behavior including vandalism, driving while intoxicated, and beating up someone.
a. 4
b. 8
c. 10
d. 20
d
According to the text, adolescents who become cynical about their part-time work are potentially justifying their
a. occupational deviance.
b. debt bondage.
c. community service.
d. retention rate.
a
According to the text, one potential explanation for higher substance use among adolescents who work part-time while attending high school is that they abuse substances
a. for enjoyment.
b. as a stress reliever.
c. because of peer pressure.
d. to self-medicate for a psychological disorder.
b
Heather has a part-time job while attending high school full time. According to research, if Heather is living with her middle-class professional parents she is likely to spend her money
a. helping support her parents.
b. solely for her own enjoyment and
leisure.
c. on food, rent, and utilities.
d. to save for college.
b
Suppose you were an adolescent girl in a study about costs and benefits of employment. When asked about the benefits of working, you would likely agree that _________ is one positive factor.
a. access to a mentor
b. connections to school
c. thinking about work during boring classes
d. gaining a sense of responsibility
d
Generally, adolescents view their part-time jobs as
a. apprenticeships to their school work.
b. the beginning of career development.
c. strongly connected to their postsecondary education.
d. temporary and transient.
d
Doug is a young adolescent who is facing a job search right after high school graduation in 2012. How would Doug's job prospects likely compare to his father's job prospects in 1968?
a. Doug has a better chance of getting a good manufacturing job.
b. Doug's father had a better chance a good manufacturing job.
c. Both Doug and his father have the same opportunity.
d. Neither of them would have an opportunity because they would lack the needed training.
b
Approximately _____ of American emerging adults attend college after graduating from high school
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 80%
c
Researchers have revisited the 1988 study "The Forgotten Half" to see if the plight of high school graduates who do not attend college was the same 10 years later. The current study found that
a. their job prospects rose as the economy grew in the United States.
b. young people who don't attend college still
face declining earnings and diminishing expectations.
c. high school graduates now have equal opportunities as graduates with associate degrees.
d. there were no clear differences after 10 years of study.
b
In research that investigated the jobs available to high school grads, six "new basic skills" were found to be necessary for job success. If Harjeet is a young girl facing decisions about jobs after high school graduation, which of Harjeet's skills would be considered helpful to her finding a good job? Being able to
a. collaborate in diverse groups.
b. read an eleventh-grade level or higher.
c. use a computer for mathematical analysis.
d. show excellent leadership skills.
a
Research that calls for the "new basic skills" to help high school students find gainful employment without a college degree outlines six skills that increase success in getting a good job. Which of the following is NOT one of the six skills they specify?
a. solving semistructured problems
b. doing math a ninth-grade level or higher
c. collaborating in pairs with persons of similar skills
d. communicating effectively orally and in writing
c
According to Murnane & Levy (2004), high schools are failing to connect to the new economy by NOT providing adolescents with what?
a. volunteer opportunities
b. work experience
c. hot lunches
d. computer skills
d
According to the text, all of the U.S. school-to-work and job-training programs tried thus far have
a. met with little or no success.
b. been adopted as a nationwide coordinated program.
c. only been implemented on a limited scale.
d. been
federally funded.
c
According to research conducted on Job Corps results over four years, researchers found
a. participants were more likely to be arrested.
b. higher unemployment rates after the program ended.
c. participants were more likely to earn a GED.
d. less motivation among nonparticipants to be gainfully employed.
c
According to the text, what age do most Western European adolescents enter an apprenticeship program if they have chosen that direction?
a. 13 years old
b. 16 years old
c. 18 years old
d. 21 years old
b
The American job-training or school-to-work system would be described as being _______ in transparency and _____ in permeability.
a. low; low
b. low; high
c. high;
low
d. high; high
b
Rudyard is a 16-year-old living in Germany. In terms of research conducted on adolescent employment, if Rudyard is typical of most adolescents in Western Europe, we can conclude that
a. adolescent employment is nonexistent in Rudyard's country.
b. Rudyard's work is in an apprenticeship program connected to his schooling.
c. in Rudyard's country, most adolescents attend school
and work part-time.
d. Rudyard lives in a rural part of the country.
b
In terms of occupational choice, what benefits do adolescents from preindustrial traditional cultures have?
a. having the security of growing up knowing their work is important and learning those skills gradually
b. having a wide range of choices with little gender bias
c. allowing adolescents time to decide on their career
choice
d. matching their individual talents to their occupations
a
In contrast to traditional cultures, adolescents in developed economies
a. have security from knowing that they will do what their father and grandfather did.
b. have to decide on an achievable career choice.
c. only have access to gender-specific career choices.
d. realize that they must attend college to achieve occupational
success.
b
Shelby is a 20-year-old girl entering the psychology program her local college. She is doing so because she has decided she wants to work with abused children. According to Super's theory of occupational goals, what stage would Shelby be?
a. Crystallization
b. Consolidation
c. Implementation
d. Specification
d
What is the last stage of Super's (1992) theory of the development of occupational goals?
a. Implementation
b. Specification
c. Stabilization
d. Consolidation
d
One implication that follows from cultures where people are allowed to choose their occupation is that
a. unemployment is lower than in traditional cultures.
b. people have higher levels of depression associated with
occupational choice.
c. individuals are able to judge how a job would be suited to their personality.
people are less likely to choose academic occupations
c
According to Holland's theory (1993) of personality, "conventional" personalities are best suited to be in occupations such as
a. bank tellers.
b. teachers.
c. truck drivers.
d. counselors.
a
Carl is a young man who is introspective, imaginative, and sensitive. Most people would think of Carl as an unconventional person who loves unstructured activity. According to Holland's personality theory, what "type" is Carl?
a. Intellectual
b. Social
c. Enterprising
d. Artistic
d
The _________ Inventory is a vocational interest inventory used for matching a
person with a prospective occupation based on Holland's theory of personality.
a. Jarvis-Selinger
b. Novak-Lauscher
c. Strong-Campbell
d. Woodcock-Johnson
c
According to the text, which of the following illustrates gender socialization?
a. teaching girls that math and science should not be male-dominated
b. recognizing the developmental period when boys and girls should learn about their own
sexuality
c. learning that no job is either "male" or "female" but everything is based on talent
d. emphasizing to children that a kindergarten teacher should be female while a gym teacher should be male
d
Susanna is an emerging adult who has to think about what career she wants to pursue. She is also acutely aware of the possibility that she may have to leave her work to raise a family and be a mother. According to research, if Susanna is typical of most girls her age she
a. is likely not to let her family aspirations interfere with her career choices.
b. is thinking she will have children before she begins her career.
c. realizes that motherhood may affect her career choices.
d. knows her husband will take a leave of absence to help raise their young children.
c
According to the text, technologically-driven changes in work are likely to
a. allow an increasing proportion of work to be done home.
b. allow less flexibility in the workplace for both men and women.
c. increase women's second shift because of longer hours their job.
d. allow men to be the primary caretaker of young children.
...
Imagine you wrote a paper which investigates the connection between unemployment and cultural groups. One likely conclusion your paper would draw is that
a. there is no relationship between culture and unemployment.
b. unemployment is highest among Asian Americans.
c. unemployment is especially high among Black and Latino teenagers.
d. the U.S. has higher unemployment when compared to most European countries.
c
According to the text, who would be considered unemployed?
a. a
mother caring for her children
b. a full-time college student
c. a young man who is not looking for a job
d. a woman who has completed her degree but has not yet found a job
d
Research completed in the United States shows that lower educational attainment, especially for _______________, leads to more difficulty in finding stable jobs.
a. African Americans
b. Latinos
c. Whites
d. Asian
Americans
b
In contrast to high school graduates, adolescents who drop out before they graduate are more likely to be
a. underemployed.
b. unemployed.
c. employed.
d. married.
b
According to research, which cultural group has the lowest educational attainment?
a. African Americans
b. Asian Americans
c.
Latino Americans
d. White Americans
c
According to the text, one implication that follows from increasing technology in manufacturing is
a. higher wages for unskilled U.S. workers.
b. the decline of high-paying, low-skilled manufacturing jobs.
c. factories moving overseas or to the suburbs.
d. an increase in the urban tax base.
b
According to sociologist William Julius Wilson (1996), what conclusion can we draw about the current system of local funding of schools? The current system
a. is centralized and equal between inner-city and suburban schools.
b. concentrates the most effective school programs in the inner-city areas.
c. perpetuates inequality because poor areas have a smaller tax base.
d. creates an inequality in favor of inner-city schools.
c
Georgia is an emerging adult living in Philadelphia. She lives in a downtown apartment with her mother. According to research, Georgia's chances of securing a well-paid job are low because
a. most jobs are being created in rural areas.
b. she does not own a car.
c. she is more likely to have access to many personal contacts for jobs.
d. there are no good colleges in her city.
b
According to research, approximately how many adolescents participate in community service least once a year?
a. one-third
b. two-thirds
c. one-half
d. three-quarters
b
In contrast to adolescents who don't volunteer, those who do tend to
a. live in a two-parent family.
b. have higher educational goals.
c. be an only child.
d. come from minority backgrounds.
b
Julie lives with her mom and dad in Pittsburgh. Julie is an only child and just celebrated her 15th birthday. Her father is a lawyer and her mother volunteers the YMCA. According to research, what factor in Julie's life is most likely to predict the fact that Julie engages in community service? The fact that
a. she lives with both her mom and dad.
b. she is 15 years old.
c. her father is a professional.
d.
her mother volunteers.
d
It "requires a personal investment in which the action of helping others becomes part of one's identity and thus is understood and articulated in terms of what makes one feel good." This statement describes
a. community service.
b. apprenticeships.
c. occupational deviance.
d. international labor regulations.
a
One implication that follows from adolescent community service is that, in contrast to adolescents who don't volunteer, those who do are
a. less likely to be politically active.
b. more likely to become cynical about what volunteering can accomplish.
c. less likely to be reflective on their lives.
d. more likely to be conscious of themselves as citizens.
d
Jenny lives in Alabama and volunteers with the Red Cross four times a month. According to research, when Jenny becomes a young adult, compared to others who have not volunteered, she is
a. more likely to be politically active.
b. less likely to be politically active.
c. more likely to move out of Alabama.
d. more likely to stay in Alabama.
a
According to the text, approximately how many Peace Corps volunteers are currently serving?
a. 5,000
b. 7,000
c. 15,000
d. 178,000
b
Who is most likely to serve in the Peace Corp?
a. An only child
b. A recent university graduate
c. An adolescent from a single-parent family
d. An emerging adult from a traditional culture
b
Gurjit is 18 years old and has just finished a year in Ethiopia with the Peace Corps. Gurjit helped build a school for a small village. When Gurjit returned to the U.S., she was asked if she would make the same decision to go into the Peace Corps again. If Gurjit is like most Peace Corps members, she would most likely respond,
a. "No, I'd never do that again."
b. "Yes, I would make the same decision to join."
c. "Maybe, but I wouldn't go to Africa again."
d. "No comment, and get that microphone out of my face."
b
How do the Peace Corps and AmeriCorps differ?
a. AmeriCorps sends volunteers abroad.
b. The Peace Corps is only open to volunteers who are over 25 years old.
c. AmeriCorps does not administer a volunteer program.
d. There is no difference between the Peace Corps and AmeriCorps.
c
Kendra is a thành viên of AmeriCorps. She has spent two years volunteering as a tutor for children and adults in low-income families. According to the research, if Kendra is like most AmeriCorps volunteers, we can predict that she
a. will not be a volunteer in her adult life.
b. will continue on to the Peace Corps.
c. has significantly gained in all five "life skills areas."
d. will not be able to afford to attend college after AmeriCorps.
c
A recent study reported that Americorps volunteers were higher than a comparison group on all but which of the following?
a. understanding community problems.
b. engagement in civic activities.
c. religious devoutness
d. overall life satisfaction.
c
For recent veterans, military service has been found to
a. increase self-confidence and leadership skills.
b. broaden emerging adults
intellectually.
c. contribute to alcohol abuse.
d. negatively impact future career choice.
a
Eamon is interested in enlisting in the military even though he is under no obligation to do so. According to the research cited in the text, which statement is probably TRUE about this young man?
a. He is likely from a high SES background.
b. He tends to have mediocre grades in school.
c. He's likely
very interested in attending college.
d. He's probably White.
b
According to the text, when did states in the USA begin passing laws requiring school attendance through early teens?
a. Age of Innocence
b. Age of Adolescence
c. Time of the Season
d. Time of Social Control
b
School attendance for adolescents in developing societies is
a. mandatory.
b. inconsistent.
c. higher.
d. nonexistent.
b
Anwar is a 15-year-old who lives in Egypt. Based on research, it could be predicted that Anwar's literacy
a. would be higher than his grandfather's literacy.
b. would be lower than his grandfather's literacy.
c. would be about the same as his grandfather's literacy.
d. would match his parents'
literacy.
a
Darryl is a young man attending secondary school in the late 19th century. He comes from a very wealthy family. What subject is especially likely to be part of Darryl's curriculum if he is like most of the wealthy adolescent boys in his school?
a. French
b. Geography
c. Physical Education
d. Greek
d
According to the text, the comprehensive high school system was designed to
a. eliminate general education courses.
b. prepare students for college.
c. exclude vocational training.
d. prepare females for marriage and males for university.
b
Todd is a young boy attending UWO Senior Secondary High School in Fort Meyers, Florida. His cousin, Kim, lives in New Orleans where she also attends high school. According to the text, how might Todd's and Kim's educational experiences compare?
a. The same, because of the national policies on education.
b. Different, because schools are controlled by states and cities.
c. The educational system in Florida is more progressive in relation to liberal arts.
d. The educational system in Louisiana is comprehensive in terms of science.
b
Most European countries have three types of secondary schools. They include all but which one of the following?
a. college-preparatory schools
b. vocational schools.
c. business-trade schools
d. professional schools
c
According to the text, in most European countries how many adolescents attend vocational schools? Approximately
a. one-fourth
b. one-half
c. two-thirds
d. three-quarters
a
One implication that follows from the European system of different types of secondary schools is that
a. unemployment rates are low among vocational and related jobs.
b. this system involves great flexibility in occupational choices.
c. adolescents must decide early about their educational direction.
d. teenagers are given no choice about what their schooling path will be.
c
In the European education system, adolescents choose the type of secondary school they will enter when they are about 15 or 16 years of age. This decision is influenced by all but which of the following factors?
a. the choices of their peers
b. the opinion of their parents
c. their own interests
d. the opinion of their teachers
a
Cosmo and Joseph are both attending high school. Cosmo lives in Berlin, Germany, and Joseph lives in Tp New York City. According to the text, how might the boys' experiences compare?
a. Their experiences would be the same.
b. Cosmo doesn't have to worry about early occupational decisions.
c. Joseph has a greater flexibility because of the broad range of courses.
d. Both Cosmo and Joseph can chose among multiple types of secondary schools.
c
One major drawback of the U.S. system of comprehensive high schools is that
a. it limits adolescents' occupational choices.
b. vocational training limits academic pursuits.
c. adolescents need to decide their occupations early.
d. it limits job-specific training.
d
In the Arab countries of North Africa, _______ is an enduring influence in educational contexts and content.
a.
Islam
b. American consumerism
c. globalization
d. women's liberation
a
According to the text, nearly _____ of poor girls in rural India cannot read and write.
a. 15%
b. 25%
c. 40%
d. 60%
c
In China and Nhật bản, because university admission is restricted to the very highest performing students, high school students
a. have collectivistic views.
b. experience less competition than North American students.
c. are more likely to pursue a professional career.
d. are under intense pressure to achieve academically.
d
The key influence on adolescents' academic performance in different parts of the world is
a. economic development in their country.
b. acceptance of equal educational
opportunities for both boys and girls.
c. the number of teachers who are graduating from college with degrees in education.
the political climates of their home cultures
a
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) examines student performance in four areas, including all but which of the following?
a. math
b. history
c. science
d. reading
b
Larger high schools have some advantages over smaller schools. One advantage of larger schools is
a. higher SAT scores.
b. higher rates of participation in extracurricular activities.
c. a more diverse range of classes.
d. a reduced overall incidence of bullying behaviors.
c
Blanca and Melanie attend high schools in Thunder Bay, Ontario. Blanca attends a large high school with 3,000 students. Melanie, on the other hand, attends a smaller school of only 200. According to research, which statement regarding their participation in extracurricular activities is the most accurate?
a. Blanca is more likely to participate in extracurricular activities.
b. Melanie is more likely to participate in extracurricular activities.
c. Melanie's school will offer more extracurricular activities but most will be related to sports.
d. Blanca's school will
offer more extracurricular activities, but most of them will be only for boys or girls rather than being coed.
b
Carson is an adolescent in a large urban high school. There are more than 35 students in all of his classes. According to research, how might the large class sizes affect Carson?
a. Carson will benefit from larger classes.
b. Carson will be adversely affected by larger classes.
c. Scholars
are unable to agree on the effect of class size.
d. Carson will only benefit if the groups are homogeneous.
c
Anne is a teenager attending junior high school in Washington, D.C. Anne attends a school where all her teachers have high expectations for student conduct. If Anne is typical of students in research conducted on this subject, we may expect Anne to have ___________ compared to students in other schools.
a. more adjustment problems
b. a higher level of achievement
c. a higher level of delinquency
d. lower self-esteem
...
School climate refers to the
a. socioeconomic status of the school neighborhood.
b. quality of interactions between students and teachers.
c. quality of relationships among students.
d. way the school is decorated.
b
Similar to successful parenting styles, studies have shown that successful teaching includes all but which of the following?
a. high standards for behavior
b. combination of demandingness and responsiveness
c. an authoritarian classroom, encouraging student competition
d. moderate level of control in the classroom
c
According to the text, what is it that essentially determines the occupational fate of Japanese young people?
a. a major research paper the end of their schooling
b. a senior project
c. an oral report
d. a national system of entrance exams
d
According to recent research, competition for spots in colleges is decreasing in Nhật bản. This is related primarily to
a. an increase in the number of working class jobs because of a boom in
natural resources.
b. a decrease in the number of college age people because of the low birthrate.
c. an increase in the number of colleges because of a glut in the building trade.
d. a decrease in literacy because of a decline in quality of elementary education.
b
Raymond is a Japanese college student who has just begun his higher education after finishing high school. What can he expect with regard to the amount of work he'll be doing outside of his college classes?
a. He will do about half as much homework as he did when he was in high school.
b. He will have the same amount of homework as in high school, but it will be spread over a greater number of subjects.
c. He will have slightly more homework than he did in high school, but it will apply to about half as many different subjects.
d. He will do about twice as much homework as he did when he was in high school.
a
According to the text, adolescents' academic achievement tends to be worst when they have _____________ parents.
a. authoritative
b. authoritarian
c. permissive
d. neglectful
d
Which adolescent is likely to have the most successful performance in school?
a. Leonard, whose parents have an neglectful style.
b. Raj,
whose parents have an permissive style.
c. Howard, whose parents have an authoritarian style.
d. Sheldon, whose parents have an authoritative style.
d
Dr. Shaw wants to conduct a large-scale study examining the attitudes that 20,000 adolescents hold toward their high school education. He starts by doing a small version of the study, using only 40 students to make sure his measures have adequate reliability and validity. This smaller study is an example of
a. an analogue study.
b. pilot testing.
c. quasi-experimental research.
d. a correlational design.
b
Consider the research of Niobe Way (1998), who interviewed students to understand their school experiences and the way in which school interacted with other parts of their lives. Which statement about her research is TRUE?
a. It was a
qualitative, ethnographic study.
b. It used a variety of questionnaires to help her gather data.
c. It involved several thousand students in her home city.
d. Her interviews yielded very few insights into the students' experiences school.
a
Which statement best represents the relationship between low- and high-achievers?
a. Low achievers tend to have a negative influence on their high-achieving
friends.
b. Low- and high achievers are almost never friends.
c. High achievers tend to have a positive effect on their low-achieving friends.
d. Low- and high-achieving students are influenced most strongly by their romantic partners.
c
Karen has recently moved from a large academically focused high school to a new school in a small town. In her old school, most of her classmates were high-achievers with high aspirations for academic careers. In her new school, academics are not a big focus and, in fact, Karen has among the best grades in her class and feels great about her school achievement. This situation best illustrates the ________ effect.
a. big fish in a little pond
b. fresh start
c. small town-small dreams
d. coming of age
a
Theo works a fast food restaurant. His boss has asked Theo if he is willing to take more shifts. If Theo decides to take on the extra work he will be trying to juggle 20 hours of part-time work and full-time high school. According to research, if Theo is a typical adolescent, what might we conclude about the potential effects of the increased hours?
a. a drop in grades
b. higher attendance school
c. more time spent doing homework
positive psychological effects on self-esteem
a
According to research, which factor is most likely to contribute to lower grades in high school?
a. having high achieving friends
b. amount of time spent socializing
c. having a part time job 9 hours a week
d. participating in diverse extracurricular activities
b
According to the text, which of the following best represents American parents' attitude towards school? The majority would support
a. lengthening the school day.
b. a law restricting the number of hours per week a person under 18 can work.
c. a balance of academic and nonacademic activities.
d. three to four hours of homework per night.
c
Which of the following is an accurate difference between American secondary schools and those find in Asia and Europe?
a. The American schools have a
longer school day than the Asian and European schools.
b. The American schools allow time for physical education, art, and music, while the Asian and European schools do not.
c. American schools are less likely than Asian and European schools to have single-sex schools.
d. American schools have higher testing standards that serve as a gateway to college than the Asian and European schools.
b
How is socioeconomic status (SES) related to adolescents' school performance?
a. Performance and SES are positively correlated.
b. Performance and SES are inversely related.
c. There is no relationship between performance and SES
d. SES causes a student's level of performance.
a
According to the text, Asian American adolescents have the best academic performance. Which option is NOT a likely contributor to these differences?
a. social class
b. parenting practices
c. teacher favoritism
d. friends' influences
c
According to research, Asian American parents and adolescents tend to believe that academic success is due mainly to effort. Therefore,
a. they would not accept mediocre performance.
b. parents will continually stress the importance of being lucky.
c. they will understand that a
first effort is the only effort needed.
d. children are less likely to believe that study time is useful.
a
Junko and her friends are young girls in grade 10 and have been raised in similar traditional Japanese families. Based on research, how might we predict Junko and her friends feel about schoolwork?
a. They feel there's no reason to work hard because they will be discriminated against.
b. Junko
wants to work hard to keep up with her friends.
c. Junko's friends really feel that homework and school is useless.
d. All of the girls believe that academic success is a matter of luck.
b
Studies have found that minority adolescents who believe that their opportunities are unfairly limited by ethnic discrimination
a. try harder to overcome this negative perception.
b. have higher than average
academic achievement when compared to their majority peers.
c. have lower achievement when compared to their minority peers who don't believe this.
d. are unaffected by this perception.
c
One controversial explanation for African Americans' poor academic performance is a possible belief that
a. education is affected by a low income status.
b. doing well in school is an example of "acting White"
and therefore is not desirable.
c. education is negatively portrayed by popular truyền thông.
d. schools have a secret agenda to keep minority children from succeeding.
b
Sunny and her family have lived in the U.S. for eleven years. Her friend, Sonia, has just moved to the U.S. two years ago. Both Sunny and Sonia's family came from the same village in Mexico. According to research, based on their years in the United States who is more likely to have poorer academic performance?
a. Sunny
b. Sonia
c. both girls
d. neither girl
a
Which statement concerning gender differences and school achievement differences is most accurate?
a. Girls achieve higher grades than boys do.
b. Boys are less likely to have learning disabilities.
c. Girls are more likely to drop out of school.
d. Boys are less
likely to be held back a grade.
a
According to the text, what best explains girls' superior performance in school and the relatively poor performance of boys?
a. Girls report less positive experiences in the classroom, leading to greater personal effort.
b. Girls feel greater support by their parents.
c. Girls have less contact time with their teachers, leading to more independent
skill-building.
d. Girls are more likely to get involved in peer-group activities, which is associated with better academic performance.
b
Halee is a young girl just entering college. According to research, what program is Halee LEAST likely to enter?
a. psychology
b. engineering
c. pre-med
d. education
b
Which statement concerning gifted students is most accurate?
a. Many schools have advanced placement classes for gifted students.
b. High schools do not recognize art or music "giftedness."
c. Some high school programs consider students as gifted with an IQ of 100.
d. Gifted students have a higher risk of psychological disorders and social awkwardness.
a
Currently the diagnosis of learning disabilities is based on
a. neurological test scores.
b. observation of behaviors in school contexts.
c. the gap between intelligence test and achievement scores.
d. self-report indicators.
c
Which of the following academic areas is the most common source of difficulties for adolescents with a learning disability?
a. mathematics
b. writing
c. reading
d. verbal expression
c
The ADORE study was a large scale trial involving over 1,500 children and adolescents with ADHD conducted in
a. North America.
b. South Asia.
c. Australia and New Zealand.
d. Europe.
d
In America, the most common approach to treating ADHD is
a. psychotherapy.
b. waiting for a child to outgrow it.
c. medication.
d.
parental training.
c
Yolanda is a 14-year old girl who was born and raised in Chicago. She still lives there with her parents and younger brother. Yolanda has been diagnosed with ADHD. Which of the following treatments is she most likely to receive?
a. psychotherapy
b. medication
c. electrical stimulation techniques
d. EMDR
b
According to the text, what group has the highest dropout rate among adolescents in the United States?
a. Latinos
b. African Americans
c. Native Americans
d. Asian Americans
a
Repeating a grade, having a history of school difficulties, and scoring low on achievement and/or intelligence tests are all factors that predict
a. mainstreaming.
b. advanced placement.
c.
tracking.
d. dropping out.
d
Suppose you were a participant in a study about high school dropout rates. You are one of the youngsters high risk of dropping out. According to current research, what factor in your life is a strong predictor of your potential of dropping out?
a. your parents' educational level
b. being in a two-parent family
c. attending a smaller school
d. having more than
four siblings
a
According to research, dropout rates are higher in
a. larger schools.
b. smaller schools.
c. suburban schools.
d. rural schools.
a
According to the text, the key to success for intervention programs designed to help potential dropouts is
a. attention from caring adult staff.
b. high
student teacher ratios.
c. beginning the program in elementary school.
d. involving parents in the process.
a
Currently, the undergraduate college population in the United States is _____ female.
a. 28%
b. 45%
c. 58%
d. 66%
c
Myrra is young college graduate. She is considering dentistry as her post-graduate work. If Myrra is pursuing this option UCLA in 1972, how many women is Myrra likely to meet in her class of 100?
a. virtually none
b. 20
c. 34
d. 42
a
Richard is an 18-year-old student who has just graduated from high school and is going right on to college. If Richard is like the average American college student, it will take him ______ years to earn a "4-year" degree.
a.
3
b. 4
c. 5-6
d. more than 6
c
A recent study which investigated the length of time it takes the average student to complete a "four-year college" degree found it took approximately ________ years.
a. 3-4
b. 4-5
c. 5-6
d. 6-7
c
The model of European university education has recently changed to match the ___________ system.
a. American
b. global
c. Japanese
d. open learning
a
According to the text, approximately what percentage of college students drop out before obtaining a degree?
a. 10%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
c
Carl recently dropped out of college. According to the text, what might be a strong factor contributing to Carl's early departure from college?
a. lack of friends
b. high socioeconomic status
c. few liberal arts courses
d. lack of financial support
d
Which of the following is NOT described as a college student subculture?
a. rebel
b. religious
c. academic
d. vocational
b
Britt is a thành viên of an environmental activist organization and has helped organize peaceful protests on campus. She is deeply involved in her sociology studies but is skeptical of her instructor's expertise and wisdom. According to the text, Britt could be best described as a thành viên of the __________ subculture.
a. academic
b. rebel
c. vocational
d. collegiate
b
Beverly attends a community college and works 30 hours per week in a veterinarian's office to pay her tuition and bills. According to the text, Beverly could be best described as a thành viên of the _______ subculture.
a. vocational
b. rebel
c. academic
d. collegiate
a
Which one of the following college students is most likely to be satisfied with his or her educational experience?
a. Armand, who attends a larger college with larger class
sizes.
b. Bailey, who attends a larger college with smaller class sizes.
c. Carlos, who attends a smaller college with larger class sizes.
d. Dmitryi, who attends a smaller college with smaller class sizes.
d
Francisco is 27 years old, has a high school degree, and has never attended college. Ernestine is a 26-year old who has both a high school diploma and college degree. According to NCES statistics (2022), Francisco is _______ as likely as Ernestine to be unemployed.
a. equally
b. twice
c. three times
d. five times
b
What is the term that refers to a large course, taught over the Internet, that a college offers with an "open door" admission policy?
a. MOOC
b. STEM
c. CANOE
d. HIP
a
According to the text, one of the biggest problems with Massive Open Online Courses is that approximately _____ percent of students who enroll in such classes fail to finish them.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
d. 90
d
Rajiv is a student in England who has decided to take a year (or two) after high school before applying to college. According to the research of Jones (2004), Rajiv is likely to cite all but which of the following as a reason for planning this "gap" in his education?
a. He wants to get a broader perspective on life.
b. He's interested in exploring marriage to his girlfriend.
c. He wants to develop his personal skills.
d. He wants to do some good in the world, both locally and abroad.
b
The fact that the American college system is designed so that early years focus on general education requirements rather than specialized courses leads to which outcome?
a. Students are more likely to do poorly in early years, earning a low GPA that will stress them as they try to improve it in the later years.
b. Financial aid is not available to most students until they select a major, and this requires them to choose before they are ready to do so.
c. Students are less likely to take a gap year between high school and college.
d. Those attending college are more likely to drop out if their
interest in a specific occupation is not peaked.
c
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